PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS FOR INFRASTRUCTURE DELIVERY: A STUDY OF WATER AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT, AND IRRIGATION SECTORS

by Vanita Gangwal ©

April 30, 2001

Research report prepared by Vanita Gangwal under the supervision of Dr. E.S. Savas for submission to the Committee on Undergraduate Honors at Baruch College of The City University of New York in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Public Affairs with Honors.

TABLE 1-1 CHARACTERISTICS OF WATER SUPPLY, WASTEWASTER TREATMENT AND IRRIGATION
Sector Activity Degree of Joint Consumption Degree of Excludability Degree of Sunk Costs Economies of Scale Degree of Coordination Required Externalities or Social Objectives
Water Supply Piped Trunk System (Intake Pumping System L H H H H Inter-sectoral resource allocation; Public Health; Universal Service Obligations
Distribution System L H H H H
Terminall Equipment Common (Hand pump)Individual (Home faucet) L M L L L
Non-piped Vendor Tanks L H L L L Public Health; Depletion of aquifer
Borehole L H L L L
Wastewater Treatment (Conventional Sewerage) Conventional Sewerage Conventional Street Sewer H H H M M Public Health; Water pollution
Pumping Station H H H M L
Treatment Plant H H H M L
Intermediate / Low-Cost Sewerage Condominal Sewerage M M M L H'a Public Health; Water pollution
Localized Treatment M M M L H'a
Basic Santitation (pit latrine) L H L L L
Irragation (Surface Water) Surface Water Trunk System Dam, Main Canal M'b M'c H'd M'd H Inter-sectoral water allocation; Waterlogging; Salinization; Erosion
Distribution System Secondary & Tertiary Canals M'b M'c H'd M'd H
Terminal System Gravity Sprinkler L L M L L L L L L L
Ground-Water Deep Tubewell L'e H H L M Groundwater depletion and pollution; Waterlogging and salinzation
Shallow Tubewell L H L L L

Definitions: H=High, M=Moderate, L=Low

'a= Condominal Sewerage requires coordination among neighboring property owners.

'b= The degree of joint consumption depends on scarcity of water resources and on maximum transit capacity of canals. It is assumed here the degree of joint consumption decreases at farther points from the initial water intake.

'c= This is a function of both size and engineering configuration of a given system to an extent. It is relatively easy to exclude farms adjacent to large, lined canals from a system, but far more difficult to exclude adjacent farmer from a small, unlined canal

'd= Depending on size and engineering configuration.

'e= The degree of joint consumption associated with a given well actually depends upon the nature of washed/aquifer drawn from. In this instance, relatively high resource scarity is assumed.
Source: Adapted from Christine Kessides. 1993. Institutional Options for the Provision of Infrastructure. World Bank Discussion Paper No. 212, Washington, D.C. 55-68.